ʻO ka hānauʻana oʻelua keiki aʻoi aʻe paha i ka manawa hoʻokahi i ko kāua manawa, he mea maʻamau. Hoʻonui pinepineʻia ka hānauʻana i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO nā māhoe a me nā māmāʻekolu,ʻaʻole ia ke kumu o kaʻino o nā manaʻo, e like ma mua. Akā naʻe,ʻaʻole i maopopo loa ka hānauʻana o ka hānauʻana. No laila, he aha ka nui o ka hāpaiʻana? Māhoe, māhoe - ke kumu o ka kūkāʻana no kēia lā.
I loko o ka nuiʻana o nā'ōpū,ʻelua mau keiki hānai e ulu like i loko o ka pūpū. Ma muli o kā lākou helu, ma hope mai i hānauʻia ai: nā māhoe, nā pākolu, nā wahi, a pēlā aku. ʻO ka maʻamau maʻamau o ka hāpai nui i loko o ke kanaka, he'ōpuʻu keiki hoʻokahi. Hiki iā ia ke ala mai kahi hua liʻiliʻi a mai kahi spermatozoon. Ke ulu nei i loko o ka'ōpūʻana, māhoe, e like me kāuʻike, heʻano like loa. He mau wāhine like lākou a he like ko lākouʻano.
ʻO ka hānauʻana he nui ka hopena o ka uluʻana o nā huaʻelua meʻelua spermatozoa. ʻO ka hopena,ʻelua mau keiki hānai e ulu ana, hiki iā ia ke hoʻohui a hoʻokahi paha, aʻaʻole like ko lākou mau kiko'ī. Akā,ʻo lākou, e like me ka hihia mua, ua kapaʻia hoʻi he māhoe. Ua like lākou me nā kaikunāne a me nā kaikuaʻana ma keʻano likeʻole me he mau kaikunāne a me nā kaikuahine maiʻelua mau keiki kūhaka.
Ka hoʻonuiʻana i nā hanana a me nā helu
Ua manaʻoʻiaʻo ka huiʻana ma kahi i hānauʻia ai nā māhoe he mea kūponoʻole ia. ʻAʻohe mana o kēia hoʻonaʻauao i ka kūpono a iʻole i nā mea i loko a me waho paha. ʻO kā lākou helu he mau loa a he 0.4% ka nui o nā hānau. Wahi a kekahi poʻe noiʻi, no kēlā me kēia 80 hānauʻana, kahi hānau o nā māhoe.
Eia naʻe, i loko o nā makahiki he nui o ka noiʻi, ua hōʻikeʻia kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona. No laila, pili ka manaʻo o nā māhoe ma nā kumu he nui. ʻO ka mea nui loa,ʻo ia hoʻi: heredity, race, environment, age of mother and her degree of fertility, as well as the hormonal level.
ʻO ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka nui o nā'ōpū keʻikeʻia ma nā'āina hikina, ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa maʻAmelika, a me ka awelika o ka poʻe Caucasians. Ma Kina, ua piʻi kēia huina mai ka 0.33 a hiki i ka 0.4%, aʻo ka Honua Hemaʻo Nigeria e kokoke ana i 4.5%. I ka poʻe Caucasians, ka helu o ka hānauʻana o nā māhoe e pili ana i ka nui o nā hānauʻana mai ka 0.9 i ka 1.4%.
ʻO ke alapine o nā'ōpū hānau nui ma luna o ka makahiki o ka makuahine. ʻO ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (0.3%) ka loaʻaʻana o nā wahine ma lalo o ka 20 aʻoi aku i ka 40, aʻo ke kiʻekiʻe loa (1.2-1.8%) ma ke 31-39. Hiki ke likelike i ka hānauʻana o nā māhoe me ka nui o nā hānau. Uaʻikeʻia heʻoi aku ka nui o ka hānauʻana ma ke kolu a ma hope paha.
ʻO ka makuahine o nā māhoe he pinepineʻole nā wāhineʻaʻole i mareʻia, nā wāhine me ka kaumaha nui, aʻo ka poʻe lōʻihi hoʻi e hoʻomaka i ka moekolohe. ʻO ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka nui o ka hānauʻana me ka nui loa o ka moekolohe. ʻO ka hapanui o ka manawa, hānauʻia nā makuma mai nā'ōpū e hoʻomaka ana i nā mahina kauwela. Hoʻoholo kēia i ka malama o ka hānauʻana - ma waena o nā wāhine i hānauʻia i ka manawa mai Ianuali a hiki i Mei, pinepine ka nui o ka hāpaiʻana.
Ma keʻano maʻamau, ua manaʻoʻia he nui nā hāpai hou. Ua manaʻoʻia ma hope o ka hānauʻana o nā māhoe ua piʻi ka proba o ka nui o nā'ōpū i 3-10 manawa! Aia kekahi o ka likelika o ka predisposition āpau. ʻO ia hoʻi, ua nui aʻe ka manawa e hānau ai nā māhoe i loko o ka poʻe i loaʻa i nāʻohana o ka hāpaiʻana.
Mai ka hoʻomakaʻana o nā makahiki 1970, ua piʻi nuiʻia ka nui o nā hihia o ka hānauʻana ma ka honua. Ua manaʻoʻia nā kumu o kēiaʻano mea heʻoi aku ka lōʻihi aʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nāʻano o ka hōʻailona hanaʻana a me ka mālamaʻana i ka hānaiʻana. ʻO nāʻano o ka hoʻopiliʻana i nā hana hana i alakaʻiʻia i kahi i ulu ai nā'āina i kūkuluʻia i ka lā hānau o nā māhoe ma 50%. ʻO kēia ka hopena o ke kauka lāʻau lapaʻau.
Ka pilikia o ka'ōpū nui
ʻO ka nui o nā māhoe Odnoyaytsovye i ka nui, he pinepine ka hanaʻino a me ka pinepine i loko o ka'ōpū ma mua o ka maʻiʻeleʻele. ʻO nā kumu kūpono no ka uluʻana o ka intrauterine, ka mea maʻamauʻole, nā loli pinepine lima, a me ka nui o nā hānau hānau mua iʻoi aku ka nui o ka hōʻailona o ka hānauʻana.
Uaʻikeʻia kaʻikeʻana o nā malformations kūlohelohe (vasastasoses), he nui i nā māhoe like. Hiki i kēia mau pūpū ke hoʻokuʻu i ka hoʻohāpipipiki i ka hānai, kahi e hiki ai i ka make a me ka makeʻana o ka hānai.
ʻO ka nui o nā hua i loko o ka'ōpū,ʻo ka nui o ka nui o ka holoʻana o ke koko, ka hanuʻana, ka pehuʻana, ka hoʻonuiʻana o ka naʻau, ka ate, nā puʻupaʻa. ʻO ka hopena, hiki i nā polyhydramnios ke ulu. Ke emi nei ka nui o ke hānai, ua pāleʻa, ua oki ka uluʻana. ʻO kēiaʻano keʻanoʻia e ka anemia, ka liʻiliʻi o ke koko, ka maʻi wai. I kēia kūlana, hiki i nā'ōpiopioʻelua ke piʻi aʻe i ka pōʻino o ka naʻau. Hiki i nā hana hana i ka holoʻana o ka placental hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hōʻino a iʻole ka hōʻino o ka hānaiʻai (hoʻokahi a iʻole).
Ka hōʻailona o ka makuahine
Hanaʻia ka Gestosis a me ka eclampsia iʻekolu manawa pinepine me ka nui o nā'ōpū ma mua o ka hānauʻana. I loko o 75% o nā hihia, nui ka hānauʻana i ka hānau hānau. He palupalu ke kino kīhāpai o ka'ōpū a hoʻohuiʻia. Pono loa ka Placenta previa. I kēia hihia,ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka placenta me ka nui o nā hāpaiʻana ma mua o ka hānauʻana. ʻO kēia ke kumu e pilikia ai ka lolo a me ka hopu. ʻO ka hopena o ka uhaʻiʻana o ka membnona paʻawai o ka pēpē mua a iʻole nā hoʻohālike ikaika o ka pūpū ma hope o ka hānauʻiaʻana o ka māhoe mua, he manawa kūpono ka weheʻana o ka placenta. Hiki i ka'ōpū ke ulu nui ma ka wā'ōpū, pinepineʻole ka hana i ka hana maʻamau ma hope o ka hānauʻana. Aʻoiaiʻo kaʻokoʻa postony kahi mea maʻamau, me ka nui o nā hāpaiʻana, hiki i kēia ke hōʻeha nui.
Ka hōʻailona o ka'ōpiopio (hoʻokahi aʻoi aʻe paha)
Hoʻonui pinepine ka pilikia i ka pilikia ma mua o ka hānau maʻamau. Hiki paha kēia ma muli o ka hoʻokaumahaʻana o ka lolo, kaʻaiʻana i nā maʻi aiʻole nā hanaʻinoʻole. ʻO ka pilikia nui o ka hoʻopiʻi o ka'ā'ī o ke kaula umbilical e mālamaʻia i ka hihia o nā māhoe mononuclear me kahiʻeleʻele amniotic. ʻO ka hapalua o nā twin a me nā māhoe odnoyaytsovyh i make i ka wā o ke kōkō a ma mua koke o ka hānauʻana. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka maʻi i ke pēpē, e pili ana i kā lākou helu helu.
ʻO nā pilikia o ke kaiaulu ke kumu nui o ka makeʻana o ka hānal i ka nui o nā'ōpū. ʻO ka hānau mua ma mua o hoʻokahi mahina ma mua o ka manawaʻo ia ka hopena o ka hoʻokuʻuʻiaʻana o ke pēpē i ka manawa i hoʻopihaʻia i ka wai a me ka hana o ka'ōpū.
ʻO nā mea e hoʻonui i ka kiʻekiʻe o ka makeʻana o ka make a me ka hānaiʻana ma luna o ko lākou wahi. ʻO kēia ka hopena o ke kahe holoʻokoʻa o ke koko a me ka hopena o ka hanaʻana. ʻO ka hoʻonuiʻiaʻana o ke aho umbilical e kauʻia ma kahi hāpai nui i 5 mau manawa iʻoi aku ma mua o ka mea maʻamau. ʻO ke kumu o ka haʻaleleʻana i ka hanuʻana a me ka makeʻana o ke keiki hānai, e like me keʻano o ka pīpīʻana i kona poʻo i kahi kūpono ma mua o ka hānauʻana. ʻO kahi kūikawā,ʻo ia ka pilikia o nā māhoe Siamese, kahi hikiʻole ke hiki i kahi hānau maoli.
Nā pilikia o ka Postalma - ke ola o nā keiki hou i loko o ka nui o nā'ōpū e pili ana i keʻano o nā pilikia pilipilikia a me keʻano o ka hānai, mālama i nā keiki hou a me nā kumu'ē aʻe.
He aha nā kūlana?
ʻO ka hopena maikaʻi ke loaʻa nā'ōpiopioʻelua i ke kūlana "poʻo lalo", kahi hiki ke hānau maoli i ka hānauʻana.
ʻO ka'ōlohelohe makua i ka nui o nā'ōpū he 4-8 mau kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka hānauʻana. Ua hoʻonui ikiʻia ka makeʻana o ka makua kāne. Inā hānauʻia ke keiki ma ke ola,ʻo ka hōʻailona maikaʻi loa no ke olaʻana,ʻo ia ka makahiki'ōpiopio. I ka hapanui o nā hihia, heʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka prognostics for twins or triplets weighing more than 2500 g is better than for fruits fruits of the same weight weight. Loaʻa kēia ma keʻanoʻo ka nui o nā hua o ka nui o nā'ōpū.
ʻO ka lua o nā māhoe, ma keʻano he kūlana,ʻoi aku ka pilikia ma mua o ka mua. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui a loaʻa iā ia nā maʻi āpau a me nāʻeha perinatal e hiki ai ke hoʻonui i ka pōʻino.
ʻAʻole paha?
Me nā hāpai nui, nā māhoe, māhoe, uku a pēlā aku hiki ke paʻakikī loa eʻike. Aia kekahi manawa ma kahi e hikiʻole ai i nā mākua o nā māhoe like keʻike i kā lākou mau keiki pono'ī. I ka hānauʻana o nā māhoe, e pili ana paha i 10% o nā mākua i ka maopopoʻole hiki iā lākou ke inoa i kahi keiki ma ka inoa, no ka mea ua hoʻopili wale lākou i ka mea.
ʻO ka like like o nā māhoe ma keʻano o ka pilina pili i kekahi manawa he kumu no ka nui o nā'ulama pili i loko e pili ana me ka nele o kaʻike o ke kanaka. Ua'ōleloʻo Mark Twain i kāna moʻolelo moʻolelo ma hope iho o ka halaʻana o kāna hoahānau māhoe, pinepineʻo ia i hōʻehaʻehaʻia e ka nīnau: "ʻO wai lā o kāua e ola nei:ʻo wau paha?"
ʻO nā māhoe Siamese
ʻO nā māhoe Siamese,ʻo ia hoʻi i ko kāua manawa, he mau meaʻoluʻoluʻole iʻikeʻia. No kekahi kumu kumuʻole, e ulu ana nā keikiʻelua i mua o ka hānauʻana me nāʻano likeʻole o ke kino. ʻO ka māhele lanakila mua o nā māhoe Siamese i hanaʻia ma Thailand i ka makahiki 1951 a ua hanaʻia kēia hana i ka manawaʻelua o nā māhoe. Uaʻikeʻiaʻo Thailand ia manawaʻo Siam. No laila,ʻo ia mau māhoe, pili pū kekahi i kekahi, a hoʻomakaʻiaʻo iaʻo "Siamese." I kēia lā, me ka komo pūʻana o nā mea hōʻailona maʻamau, hiki ke hoʻoholoʻiaʻaʻole wale nā'āpana a me nā'ōpiko i maʻamau i nā māhoe, akā, pili pū i waena o lākou. I kekahi manawa,ʻoluʻolu, e māheleʻia nā māhoe Siamese. Eia nō naʻe,ʻaʻoleʻike iki ka lāʻau lapaʻau no kēiaʻano.