Ua manaʻoʻia ka'ōlelo Haina i kekahi o nā meaʻaiʻoihanaʻono a nui loa o ka honua. He mea ia mai nā moku likeʻole o Kina a ua māheleʻia ma nā wahi he nui'ē aʻe o ka honua - mai East Asia a meʻAmelika Hema iʻEulopa a me'Akelika Hema. No laila,ʻo ka hana Haina:ʻo ka mea eʻai pinepine ai nā kānaka Haina - e kamaʻilio mākou no kēia.
ʻO ka manawa pinepine,ʻo ka meaʻai Kina ma waho o Kina e hiki ke hana maoli a kūpono paha i nā mea āpau o ka'āina, a iʻole kekahi mea hou loa, e pili ana i nā kuʻuna a me nā koho Hawaiʻi. Aia kekahi mauʻokoʻa nui ma waena o nā moʻomeheu meaʻai o nā moku likeʻole o Kina. Aiaʻehiku mau meaʻai pani nui: Anhui, Fujian, Hunan, Jiangsu, Shandong, Sichuan a me Zhejiang. Ma waena o lākou,ʻo Sichuan wale nō,ʻo Shandong lāuaʻo Huaiyang e pili ana i ka manaʻo maʻamau o ka meaʻai Haina.
Hoʻohālikeʻia kēlā me kēia memeha Kāina e like me keʻano oʻelua mau mea nui aʻoi aku paha:
1. Ke kumu o nā huaʻaleʻa a me ka maloo, i kapaʻia ma ka'ōlelo Haina "dzhushi" (ʻoiaʻiʻo "huaʻai"). ʻO kahi maʻamau,ʻo ka raiki, nā noodle a me ka mantau (ka berena, ka mahu) me nā kīʻaha mai nā huaʻai, nā meaʻai, iʻa, a me nā mea'ē aʻe i kapaʻiaʻo Kai (ʻoiaʻiʻo "ka mea kanu"). Heʻano likeʻole kēia manaʻo i ka mea iʻai mauʻia ma Northern Europe a me ka United States. Ma laila kahi meaʻai a mea holoholona paha i kapaʻia heʻano nui. Aʻo ka hapa nui o nā meaʻai Pākīpika e hoʻokumuʻia ma luna o nā pātaʻi a iʻole ka'ahuʻu kai.
2.ʻO kahiʻoihana o ka hapanui o nā ipu Haina. Eia nō naʻe, ma nā wahi he nui o Kina,ʻo ia hoʻi ma ka'ākau o ka'ākau,ʻo ka huapalapala o ka huapalapala, e like me nā noodles a me nā hua manu. I ka hoʻohālikeʻana, e like paha me kaʻaoʻao hema o Kina, kahi i hoʻohana nuiʻia ai ka laiki. ʻOiai ka nui o ka laiki i nā mea Haina, he hewa ia e noʻonoʻoʻo ka mea kēia a ka mea Haina eʻai pinepine ai. Uaʻikeʻia ka liʻiliʻiʻo ia ka mea nui a me ka mea hoʻokomo i ka kukeʻana, akā, aia kekahi mau meaʻai ma ka'ōlelo Haina e piliʻole i ka laiki. Eia kekahi laʻana,ʻo ke alohaʻo China e kuke ai aʻai i nā'ūpala. Hiki iā lākou keʻano like i keʻano a me ke kūlike. Hoʻomaopopo mauʻia ka'ōpala i ka hoʻomakaʻana a ma ka pauʻana o kahiʻahaʻaina ma Kina Kina.
I ka hapanui o nā kīʻaha i nā meaʻona Kānia, ua kukeʻia ka meaʻai (ka mea kanu, kaʻiʻo, ka tofu), a ua mākaukau hoʻi eʻai. ʻO ka maʻamau, ma ka moʻomeheu Sālani, hoʻohanaʻia ka pahi a me kaʻiole i meaʻole, no ka mea, ua hoʻohanaʻia kēia mau "mea" i mea kaua. Eia hou, ua manaʻoʻia he mea kūponoʻole i nā mea hōʻoki ke kīkēkē i nā mea a "wikiwiki" i kaʻai ma ka papaʻaina. He mea hōʻino wale i ke kuke kuke ināʻaʻole i makemakeʻia kona kīʻaha, eʻoluʻolu i kēlā me kēia wahi, akā, e wikiwiki a me ka wikiwiki. ʻAʻole i maʻa mau ka poʻe Kina i ka manaʻo e pili ana i ka meaʻai. ʻOiai inā paʻakai ke kīʻaha aʻawaʻole paha,ʻaʻohe mea e haʻi i kaʻoiaʻiʻo. He mea kupanaha, akā,ʻoiai he mahalo iā ia iho, nānāʻo ia i ke kapaʻeleʻele ma luna o ka papaʻaina ma hope o kaʻaina awakea, i mea e hōʻoluʻolu ai ka poʻe malihini i ka meaʻai.
Iʻa, ka moa a iʻole kaʻiʻo?
Ua hoʻomākaukauʻia ka iʻa, e like me nā kālani o nā huaʻanina Kina. Eʻaiʻia me ke kōkuaʻana o nā kōpena kūikawā kūikawā, e like me nā mea kanu'ē aʻe, kahi e hana muaʻia ai ka iʻa i nā kī. ʻAʻole pono ke hana i kēia, noʻonoʻo pinepine ka Kina, no ka mea, he hou ka iʻa. Ma nā haleʻaina, hoʻohana pinepine nā meaʻai i nā punaʻelua no nā iʻa, me nā lāʻau, e lawe i nā iwi.
ʻO kaʻiʻo a me ka meaʻiʻo. Hoʻokipaʻia i nā'āpana a he hapa nui ia o nā kīʻaha mai nā huaʻai. ʻO ka moa me ka laiki -ʻo ia ka mea a ka Haina eʻai mau ai.
ʻO kaʻiʻo o ka mea lehua i Kina he mea maikaʻi loa ia i ka pipi e like me kaʻike waiwai, ka hoʻomana a me keʻano pilikino. ʻO ka momona o kaʻiʻo puaʻa a momona, aʻo konaʻono a me ka meaʻala ua manaʻoʻia he maikaʻi loa. I waena o nā mea'ē aʻe,ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka puaʻa ma mua o ka pipi.
ʻAʻoleʻike nuiʻia nāʻano meaʻai ma Kina,ʻoiai, ma ke Komohana, ua hanaʻia e kahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o ka heluna kānaka. ʻAʻole iʻai nui nā mea kanu Līaina i ka nui, no ka mea, ua kuhihewa lākou ma ka Komohana. He manaʻo hewa kēia. ʻO ka hapanui o nā mea kanu Hawaiʻi he poʻe Buddhist. Inā ho'āʻoʻoe e aʻo i ka meaʻai Kina, eʻikeʻoe i ka nui o nā'ōlaʻi kaulana kaulana i loko o kaʻiʻo (ka puaʻa pinepine). Hoʻohanaʻia nā'āpana iʻa no nā meaʻono. Ma kaʻanoʻo Buddhist Chinese, he nui nāʻano meaʻai meaʻai ma ka meaʻaiʻole kahi iʻa. I ka hopena o kaʻaina awakea kaʻina, e like me keʻano, ua hoʻohanaʻia nā kīʻaha maikaʻi, e like me ke kālaiʻana i nā hua hou a iʻole ka wela wela.
ʻO ka inuʻana i nā meaʻai Kake
Ma ka moʻomeheu Kanalina,ʻikeʻia nā mea anuanu no ka'ōpalaʻana, i ka wā eʻai ai i ka meaʻai wela. No laila,ʻaʻole i lawelaweʻia nā mea e like me ka wai hau a me nā mea inuʻoluʻolu i ka wā eʻai ana. Inā lawelaweʻia nā mea inu'ē aʻe, hiki paha iā lākou ke hoʻololiʻia e ka wela wela a iʻole ka wai wela. Manaʻoʻiaʻo ia ka mea e hoʻolaha ai i kaʻaiʻana i nā mea momona.
Hoʻokena soy a me ka pāʻina pua
I ka halaʻana o nā makahiki, ua mahalo ka poʻe Kepani i ka pīpī pīlaʻi no ka hopena a me ka hopena antitoxic. I kēia manawa i ka kenekulia 7, ua laweʻia kaʻenehana i Iapana a me Korea. Me ka hoʻoikaika ikiʻana, ua lilo ia i meaʻai iki - he waiʻeleʻele o ka soy a me ka paʻakai a me ka pāpaʻa o ka palaoa. Aia kekahi mauʻanoʻokoʻaʻokoʻa: heʻalaniʻeleʻele aiʻole he meaʻonoʻoluʻolu, e hāʻawi ana i nā meaʻalaʻono i kekahi mau momona a me nā meaʻala. I kēia lā, ua lanakila nāʻona soy i nā palena o Kina a hoʻohanaʻia ma ka honua a puni. Hoʻopili ka soy -ʻo ka antioxidant mana loa -ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea o ka wainaʻulaʻula a loaʻa i loko o ka'amene C. Māmā soy sauce, kaulana loa ma ka Hikina a me ka Hikina Hema, kahi hiki ke hāʻawi i ka hopena maikaʻi aʻe i ka ulu o nā pūnaewele kanaka. Ma kēiaʻano,ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka wainaʻula a me ka mau huamine C. Ua hanaʻia kēia mīkini ma ka fermentation mai ka soybeans, aia nā meaʻumi iʻoi aku he 10 manawaʻoi aʻe ma mua o ka wainaʻulaʻula a he 150 manawaʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka huaʻai C. He hiki iā ia e ho'ēmi i ke kaʻina hana palekana ma nā pūnaewele kānaka. Eia hou, hoʻoikaika maikaʻi ke koko i ka hana toto a hoʻomele i ka uluʻana o ka maʻi maʻi a me nā maʻi'ē aʻe. Mai hana hoʻomāinoino i kaʻoluʻolu, no ka mea he nui ka paʻakai paʻakai, aʻo ia ke kumu o ka hoʻonuiʻana i ke koko.
Hoʻokipa
ʻO nā aʻa o kēia mea ulu lāʻauʻona,ʻoi aku kahiʻoi aku, a me kahi meaʻono. Ma hope o ka soy sauce,ʻo ia ka meaʻai nui loa i ka'ōlelo Haina. Hoʻohanaʻia ma kahiʻano maloʻo a maloʻo paha, a ma keʻano hoʻomehana.
'Alaona
Eʻoki i ke kolo o kēia lāʻau lāʻau ulu a hoʻohana i keʻano he lepo e hoʻaluʻia ai ka wai. Hoʻolahaʻia ka ipuʻala i nā meaʻono a me kaʻono.
Kaomi
ʻO nā'ōpala ka piʻi lāʻau, ua maloʻoʻia e kaʻenehana kūikawā. ʻO kēia ka meaʻala maikaʻi loa i nā meaʻona a me nā kīʻaha o nā'āina'ē.
Pehea e pili ana i nā preservatives?
ʻO ka mea pōʻino,ʻaʻole kaʻai Haina me kā lākou. ʻO ka mea mālama maʻamau loaʻo iaʻo E621. ʻO kēia ka sodium glutamate, ka hoʻohanaʻiaʻana e pāʻina i ka meaʻai a ua hoʻohuiʻia me he lepo lā i ka bouillon cubes, i loko o nā pīpī, nā'ākena, nā meaʻala likeʻole, nā soy sauces, nā meaʻai meaʻai, a me nā mea'ē aʻe. E621 kahi hoʻolālā hoʻonani e hāʻawi mau i ka meaʻai ana i kaʻono keʻono. ʻO kēia ka mea maʻamau i nā haleʻaina Kina,ʻoiai he nui nā mea eʻaiʻia e ka Haina.
Aia kekahi mea e like me "ka haleʻaina Kāina." ʻO kēia keʻano o ka mālamaʻana i ka sodium glutamate, kahi i hoʻohana nuiʻia ma kēia mau pūnaewele. Ma nā haleʻaina Kina no ka manawa mua o ka honua i hoʻomaka ai e hoʻohana i ka sodium glutamate. I ka halaʻana o kekahi manawa, hoʻomaka nā mākona eʻike i ka pilina ma waena o ka maʻi hoʻopiʻi, ka hoʻopiʻiʻana, ka hoʻonāukiuki a me nā mea hoʻopiʻi e pili ana i ke kūlana olakino. No laila, aia kekahi mea i kapaʻia "Ka haleʻainaʻaina Kaina". Ma hope mai, ua hanaʻia kēia mau mea e ka sodium glutamate. Loaʻa nā meaʻai a pau i nā haleʻaina Haina i kēia waiwai. Loaʻa ka nui o ka iʻa iʻa. ʻO kekahi o kāna mau maʻi maikaʻi: ka nui, ka maʻi hīkī, nā pilikia maka, ke kaumaha a me ka paʻakikī paʻakikī, i nā keiki, a me ka pōʻino o ka lolo.
I nā hoʻokolohua, ua hānaiʻia nāʻiole i nā waiwai i waiwai ma ka E621, a ua maopopo ka hopena - heʻano nui o ka'āpona. ʻO Glutamate sodium ka mea i hōʻino i ka hypothalamus a me nā meaʻino'ē aʻe. Hōʻikeʻia kēia ma keʻanoʻo ka sodium glutamate ka mea e hoʻonā i nā hopena o ke kīpoko i nā holoholona hoʻokolohua, ai kekahi manawa e alakaʻi ana i ko lākou make.
Akā, pehea e pili ana i ke olakino?
ʻO nāʻano maʻamauʻo Kina ma mua o ka hoʻokumuʻiaʻana o nāʻoihanaʻoihana ma luna o ka raiki, me nā huaʻai hou, a me nā kumu o ka protein iʻai e like me ka pī. ʻO kaʻai ka mea loli. ʻO ka momona a me ke sukakai he meaʻono maikaʻi wale nō e hiki ai i kahi hapa liʻiliʻi o ka heluna ke hāʻawi. Ma hope aku, hoʻomāhuahua ka waiwai Haina aʻoi aku ka waiwai a me nāʻano likeʻole, e hiki ai i nā hopena hopena maikaʻi, ma kaʻaoʻao.
ʻO ka pilikiaʻole ka pilikia ma nā wahi waena a me ke komohana o ka'āina, akāʻo ka meaʻole ka mea maʻamau no nā wahi kahakai a me nā kūlanakauhale. Hōʻike nā haʻawina i ka makahiki 2004 i ka hoʻonuiʻia o kaʻai ma waena o ka lehulehu i ka 38.4%. Ma hope mai, ua hoʻololiʻia nāʻano o ka hoʻouluʻana e ka World Health Organization. ʻO ka hoʻohanaʻoleʻana o nā mea momona a me nā meaola holoholona he kumu ia o nā maʻi maʻi lōʻihi i waena o ka lāhui Kina. Ma ka 2008, he 22.8% o ka heluna kanaka he kaumaha, 18.8% ke kiʻekiʻe o ke koko,ʻo ka nui o nā maʻi maʻi i Kina ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa ma ka honua. No ka hoʻohālikelike, i ka makahiki 1959,ʻo ka nui o ke kalamaha he 5.9%.
Ma ke kākoʻo ikaika i kapaʻiaʻo "Project Project Chinese", aia kahi pilina ma waena o kekahi mau maʻi a me kaʻai Haina. ʻO ka hoʻonuiʻiaʻana o ka hōʻailona o nā palekana holoholona e pili kokoke ana i ka maʻi kanesa, ka maʻi hīkī, nā maʻi o ke kīpona, aʻo kēia,ʻoiaʻiʻo, e hilinaʻi ana i ka nohona o nā meaʻai o Western, i ka manawa e holo mau ana i Kina.
MaʻEulopa, he nui nā mea kuʻikahi o nāʻano Haina -ʻo ka mea iʻai pinepineʻia e ka Haina, keʻano likeʻole ia i nā manaʻo iʻaeʻia. ʻO keʻano o ka hoʻomohalaʻana i Kina no nā kenekulia he nui, akā i loko o kēia manawa uaʻano loli maoliʻo ia, e hui pū me nā mea Pākehā a me kaʻai o nā'āina'ē aʻe o ka honua. Hiki keʻikeʻia nā meaʻai Kānāwai mua wale nō ma nā wahi mamao o ka'āina ma nā hale liʻiliʻi, a me nā hale o nā poʻe Hawaiʻi kahiko i noho pono i kā lākou mau moʻomeheu. Akā he nui a heʻuʻuku ka nui, akā e ulu ana ka heluna meaʻai Hawaiʻi.