ʻO ka maʻikupuku kahi maʻiʻeha e hopenaʻia e kahi kōpipopa bacillus (he inoaʻeleʻele ka hōʻiliʻili), a hiki i ka hoʻokumuʻana i kahi mimino kūpono ma nāʻano a me nā mea a kekahi kanaka. Wahi a nāʻikepili, aia ma Rūsia ka nui o kēia maʻi i 50 he 100 mau heluna kānaka. Eia naʻe, i loko oʻelua makahiki i hala iho nei, ua piʻi ka piʻiʻana o nā keiki ma kahi o 26%. ʻO ka manawa mua i aʻo nuiʻia ai kēia maʻi e Robert Koch i ka makahiki 1884m. I kēia mau lā, nā kānaka liʻiliʻi (nā pailapisisiatricians, nā kauka e lapaʻau ana i nā maʻi me ke kīpoko) e hoʻomaopopo i nāʻano 3 o kēia maʻi:
- ʻO ka pāʻona o ka maʻi,ʻo nā keiki a me nā'ōpiopio paha,ʻo ia ke kumu mua o ka maʻi, a hiki ke hele i waho me kahi hanaʻole inā he ikaika nui ka keiki;
- ʻO ka'ōpū o ka'ōpū hanu - ka mea pinepine, he liona kēia o nā mumū;
- ʻO ka maʻi o nā mea'ē aʻe a me nā pūnaewele,ʻo ia ka maʻiʻoi loa o ka maʻi (ka maʻi o nā iwi a me nā pūpoʻi, ka maʻi kōpū, ka maʻi maʻamau, a me nā mea'ē aʻe)
E like me nā maʻi maʻi a pau,ʻaʻohe puka ma waho. ʻO ka poʻe kelepa pinepineʻia he poʻe me ke kīkō (i loaʻa i nā mea olakala a me nā mea hale), a me nā holoholona - nui loa, bipi. Eia kekahi, hiki ke laweʻia kēia maʻi ma nā'alele o ka moana, ma o ka lepo i loko o nā mea laulā o ka maʻi (note: hiki i kēia huapalapa ke noho i kahi wahi no ka makahiki aʻaʻole e hōʻike kokeʻia, ua hoʻololiʻia kona lukuʻana ma waho o ka'ōlohelohe e ka lā, kaʻaila a me ka hoʻokala me nā kukui kūikawā ), ma o kaʻiʻo i loaʻa mai i ka bacteria maʻi i loaʻa i nā holoholona, a me kaʻaiʻana ma o nāʻeha ma kaʻili.
ʻO ka hapanui pinepine,ʻo ka maʻi maʻi, me ka nānāʻole i kaʻano, e hōʻike iā ia iho ma nā'ōpio a ma nā kula'ōpio. ʻO ka mea maʻamau a me ka pōhēhē,ʻaʻole 100% ka palekanaʻana i kēia maʻi o ka Mantoux test (kākau: hanaʻia kēia hana i nā keiki i ka wā o nā lā 4, 7, 10, a me nā maʻi mai ka maʻiʻeha i ke keiki hānau ma ka haukapila i ka lā 3, 5 a me 7 I ka lā ma hope o ka hānauʻana, aia nā koho e hiki ai ke hanaʻia ma hope mai) - ke kāwiliʻana i kapaʻia i hanaʻia i nā keiki ma nā makahiki likeʻole. ʻO kēia āʻauʻana o ka maʻi pēpēpope i loko o ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, kahi e kōkua ai eʻike i ke kūʻana o ka maʻi maʻi i loko o ke kino o ke keiki, a ma keʻano'ē aʻe i ka hoʻoikaikaʻana i ka palekana i ia. Pehea e hoʻoholo ai inā he hopena maikaʻi kāu keiki aʻaʻoleʻole? ʻO ka maʻamau o kēia ho'āʻo he mau mikimilima wale nō ia, inā he mau maʻi i loko o ke kino, e hōʻike kokeʻia ia iho:ʻo ka mua, i keʻano o keʻokiʻana i kahi o ka injection, kaʻulaʻula, ka pāmahana kūpono, a me ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka'āpana o ka grafting iʻoi aku i ka 12 mm. I kēia hihia, ponoʻoe e hoʻouna koke aku i kāu kaukō TB.
Pehea e hiki ai iā mākou ke hoʻomaopopo i ka hōʻailona o ka maʻi ma'ū, e like me keʻano hiki keʻikeʻia ma lalo o nāʻano hea? E kūkākūkāʻia ma hope aku.
Noho mākou i kahi manawa lōʻihi, i ka loaʻaʻana o nā loiloi nui i nā keiki i ke kula,ʻoiai lākou e hele ana i nā papa'ē aʻe a hana i kekahi mau mea makemake. No kēia
ke kumu no ka loiloi nui, ka luhi a me ka leanness, hikiʻole i nā mākua keʻike i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hoʻouluʻana i ka maʻi maʻi. ʻO nā hōʻailonaʻike o ka maʻi kāpia e hiki ana i ke: ka luhi, ka mahana, ka noʻonoʻo, ka luhi, ka ulu o ke kīhā, kachycardia, ka uhūʻana o ke kīpē, ka wela, ka maʻi bronchitis, kaʻeha o ka'ōpū a me kaʻeha i ka wā e hoʻokomo ai i ka'ōpū, i kekahi manawa e hoʻonui i ke ake a hoʻoulu. ʻO keʻano o ka manawa mua loa o ka maʻi maʻi he like loa ia me ka influenza, i ka manawa e paʻa mau ai ke keiki a me ka wela nui - ināʻaʻohe kōkua ka lāʻau hōʻailona pīpī,ʻo ia ka hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi. I ka manawa e hopohopo ai kēia maʻi,ʻo ka mea mua loa, he mea pono e hana i ka x-ray, keʻike pinepine i ka pōʻeleʻele ma ke aʻa o nā māmā a me nā mea'ē aʻe paha, mai ka leona mai, akā,ʻaʻole kēia he hōʻailona mālamalama. ʻO ka hōʻailona maʻamau ka lōʻihi o ke anuanu,ʻo ia ka lōʻihi ma mua o ka maʻamau maʻamau a iʻole ke anuanu maʻamau, hoʻolālā o nā kōpana lymph o nā hui likeʻole, inā hāʻawiʻia nā ho'āʻo maʻamau, a laila i loko o ke koko - ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka ESR (kākau: ka leka o ka sedimentary erythrocyte), i nā māmā - iloko o ka mimi - he nui o ka protein.
Pono pono e noho i nā mea kiko'ī e pili ana i nāʻano o ka maʻi a me nā hōʻailona, a noʻonoʻo i nā palekana iʻole e maʻi ka maʻi o kēia maʻi.
- Inā loaʻa i ke keiki: kahi hoʻonui iki o ka mahana, a me ka mimikoʻana o nā pēpili lymph, a laila, i loko o kona kino i komo i loko o ke kōpili kōpili, ka mea e hāʻawi ai i nā toxins kūikawā e hōʻeha nui i ke olakino o kekahi kanaka. ʻO kēiaʻano maʻi e kapaʻiaʻo ka makeʻana o ka'ōpū , ka mea maʻamau i waena o nā keiki . Inā loaʻa iāʻoe ka manawa eʻike ai i kēia puka i ka manawa mua, hiki ke olala maikaʻi, akā, ināʻoe e hui pūʻia: ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kauohaʻia e ke kauka, hoʻolālā a me ka heleʻana i ka ea maʻemaʻe, me kahi hana kūikawā maʻamau - e ola wikiwiki kāu keiki.
- ʻO ka hapanui o nā keiki ke loaʻa i ka maʻi maʻi o nā kēpau . ʻO ka pinepine,ʻo nā maʻi o kēiaʻano maʻi e like me ka maʻi, e like me ka'ōlelo mua (ka mahana, ka moe). Akāʻaʻole kēiaʻano o ka maʻi maʻi e hōʻike mauʻia i keʻano o ka mahana wela. Hoʻomaka ke keiki e kaumaha i ka kaumaha, hiki i ka luhi a me ke kaumaha loa, ulu ka manawa i ka manawa.
- ʻO ka maʻi maʻamau ka mea maʻamau i nā mākua, akā he maʻi nui nā keiki, akā, heʻano'eleʻaʻole. Ke hahauʻia nā keiki māmā,ʻo ka hōʻailonaʻoi loa a hoʻokahi haneri hapa o kēia ka mahana kiʻekiʻe. ʻO kaʻoi aku ka paʻakikīʻole o ka TB Pulmonary i nā keiki ma mua o ka maʻi o ka maʻi hānai. Akā inā hoʻomakaʻoe ma ka manawa a me ka hakakāʻana me ka ikaika a me ka hoʻomauʻana i ka maʻi, hiki iāʻoe ke lanakila i ka maʻi.
- ʻO ka tōkō o nā iwi a me nā hui e hiki ai ke alakaʻi i kahi humpō aiʻole lameness ināʻaʻole i hoʻomakaʻia ka hōʻailona i ka manawa. ʻO ka hapanui o kēia maʻi, e'ōhumu nā keiki i kaʻeha i loko o nā hono, nāʻiʻo - ponoʻoe e nīnau koke i ke kauka, iʻole ma hope o ka manawa e hoʻomaka ai lākou e hāʻule.
- ʻO kekahi o nā maʻi koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi maʻi,ʻo ia ka maʻi o ka māmā a me ka maningitis maʻi. ʻO ka hapanui pinepine,ʻikeʻia i nā keiki i nāʻohana ma kahi o ka mea maʻi i ka maʻi'ākō ma ka puka ākea. No laila, ma kēia hihia, pono ka nānāʻana mau o ke keiki i mea e pale ai i kekahiʻano o kēia maʻi.
No ka hōʻuluʻuluʻana, e nānā ponoʻia e ke kauka i kēlā me kēia maʻi, e mālama pono i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, e hahai i kekahi papahana kūikawā o ka lā, e hoʻolimalima i ka manawa ma waho, a inā hiki, hiki i ka nohoʻana ma ke kauhale, ma ka hale i kahi kahi e kokoke ai ke kino (note: no ka mea he nui ka oxygen e pono ai no ke kino) no ka mea he maʻi nui kēia, e pono ana ka hana wai a me ka paleʻana i ka wai, akā, ma keʻano kūpono. Wahi a nāʻikepili, e like me ka mea i'ōlelo muaʻia, e ulu ana ka maʻi o ka maʻi kāpiki i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. ʻO ka hapanui o kēia maʻi i puka ma kahi puka puka, kahi e hiki ai i kekahi mea ke hoʻopili i nā hanana, a me nā kānaka he mau tausani. Akā, hiki i kēia maʻi ke loaʻa i nā mākua a me nā keiki. No laila, i ka hopena, makemake wau e hāʻawi i nā'ōlelo hoʻohui koʻikoʻi nui i nā mākua a pau e pili ana i nā mea e hana ai e hōʻemi ai i ka maʻi o kā lākou keiki me kēia maʻi:
- Pono ia e lāʻau āpau i ka maʻi i ka manawa, me ka hoʻokaʻuluaʻole;
- I kēlā makahiki kēia makahiki, e heluʻiaʻo Mantoux, a no nā keiki'ōpiopio, heʻanuʻu - ka pilinaʻi;
- Inā manaʻo ka pediatric i ka heleʻana o kahi mea maʻi i loko o ke kino o kāu keiki, ponoʻoe e hele koke aku i kahi kumuhana TB e lawelawe nei i ka pilikia;
- Inā loaʻa kahi kānalua a iʻole uaʻikeʻia kekahi huapalapala, pono e hoʻokō ke keiki i nā mea a pau i kauohaʻia e ke kauka, aʻo nā mākua wale nō ke kōkua i kā lākou keiki e lanakila i kēia maʻi.
- Pono pono e hāʻawi i kāu keiki i ka lōʻihi o ka manawa: pono iā ia ke hoʻonui i ka hōʻeha kino a me ke kino, paʻakikī,ʻaʻole hana nui aʻoi aku ma waho o waho;
- ʻO ka hoʻokō ponoʻana i nā kānāwai mālama ola o kāu keiki e hōʻemi nui ana i ka loaʻaʻana o kekahi maʻi.
I kēia manawa uaʻikeʻoe pehea e hoʻomaopopo ai i ke kīkoko i ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka maʻi i nā keiki. E hoʻomanaʻo, e nā mākua aloha, ke noho nei mākou i ka 21st century, i ka manawaʻaʻohe maʻi olaʻole, pono mākou e nānā pono i ke olakino o kā mākou mau keiki a i ka manawa e hiki ai ke hoʻomaopopo i kahi maʻi nui e hiki ai iā ia ke lanakila ma mua.